Cell Host & Microbe

19 January, 2012
Volume 11, Issue 1

Volume 11, Issue 1

On the cover: Autophagy is a process in which cellular components as well as intracellular microbes are subjected to lysosomal-mediated degradation. In this issue, Starr et al. (pp. 33–45) show that the intracellular bacteria Brucella abortus subverts autophagy to complete its life cycle and facilitate cell-to-cell spread. After replicating within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Brucella uses key components of the autophagy machinery to form a specialized Brucella-containing vacuole that is necessary to complete the late stages of infection. The cover image depicts an infected murine bone marrow-derived macrophage in which Brucella (in green) has replicated with the ER (ER resident protein calreticulin in blue) and subsequently generated autophagosome-like vacuoles (lysosomal marker LAMP-1 in red).

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Friend or Foe?
Role of the Microbiota
in Health and Disease

A look back through the
Cell Host & Microbe archives.

Specific Microbiota Direct the Differentiation of IL-17-Producing T-Helper Cells in the Mucosa of the Small Intestine

Ivaylo I. Ivanov et al.

Microbial Colonization Drives Expansion of IL-1 Receptor 1-Expressing and IL-17-Producing γ/δ T Cells

Jinyou Duan et al.

IgA Response to Symbiotic Bacteria as a Mediator of Gut Homeostasis

Daniel A. Peterson et al.

Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins Protect Mice from Experimental Colitis by Promoting Normal Gut Flora and Preventing Induction of Interferon-γ

Sukumar Saha et al.

Gut Commensal Bacteria Direct a Protective Immune Response against Toxoplasma gondii

Alicia Benson et al.

A Pathobiont of the Microbiota Balances Host Colonization and Intestinal Inflammation

Janet Chow, Sarkis K. Mazmanian

Enterobacteriaceae Act in Concert with the Gut Microbiota to Induce Spontaneous and Maternally Transmitted Colitis

Wendy S. Garrett et al.

Commensal Bacteroides Species Induce Colitis in Host-Genotype-Specific Fashion in a Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Seth M. Bloom et al.

miR-146a Mediates Protective Innate Immune Tolerance in the Neonate Intestine

Cécilia Chassin et al.

The Genome of Th17 Cell-Inducing Segmented Filamentous Bacteria Reveals Extensive Auxotrophy and Adaptations to the Intestinal Environment

Andrew Sczesnak et al.

Complete Genome Sequences of Rat and Mouse Segmented Filamentous Bacteria, a Potent Inducer of Th17 Cell Differentiation

Tulika Prakash et al.

Mucosal Glycan Foraging Enhances Fitness and Transmission of a Saccharolytic Human Gut Bacterial Symbiont

Eric C. Martens et al.

Diet-Induced Obesity Is Linked to Marked but Reversible Alterations in the Mouse Distal Gut Microbiome

Peter J. Turnbaugh et al.

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Publishing with Cell Press

Cell Collections

This June marks 30 years since the first reported case of an AIDS infection. Extensive research over the last three decades has advanced our understanding of HIV pathogenesis and our ability to treat the infection. Recently, a central goal driving HIV research has been charaterizing how HIV evades the immune system and usurps the host cell to complete its viral life cycle. Insights into HIV infection, in turn, have yielded information about the basic cellular and molecular biology of the host's immune system and its most primitive defenses.

We present a collection of recent articles and reviews from Cell and Cell Host & Microbe, which capture the themes of HIV replication, pathogenesis, and host response.

In the January Issue

Plasmodium Methyltransferase Keeps var Gene Poised Preview
Visualizing Gut Invasion by S. Typhimurium
Brucella Co-opts Autophagy during Intracellular Life Cycle Preview
Legionella Effector Stimulates SNARE-Dependent Membrane Fusion
UPEC Toxin Induces Host Protein Degradation Preview
Innate Protection against Staphylococcus Pore-Forming Toxin
M. tuberculosis Inhibits Apoptosis to Alter Host Immunity
Genetic Conflict between Primates and Lentiviruses

Next issue: February 16, 2012

Featured Articles free

The Featured Articles are freely accessible.

How Plasmodium var Genes Stay Poised
Volz et al. identify PfSET10 as a Plasmodium methyltransferase exclusively localized to the perinuclear active var gene expression site and required to maintain it in a poised state during parasite division. Preview by Kim.

Autophagy Assists Brucella Life Cycle
Starr et al. reveal that Brucella abortus uses key components of the host autophagy machinery to form a specialized vacuole that is required for the late stages of infection and cell-to-cell spread. Preview by Brumell.

Legionella Effector Fuses Host Membranes
Arasaki et al. show that the Legionella Rab1-targeting effector DrrA is sufficient to stimulate non-canonical SNARE association between ER-derived vesicles and the plasma membrane to promote membrane fusion.

Online Ahead of Print

Evolutionary and Functional Analyses of the Interaction between the Myeloid Restriction Factor SAMHD1 and the Lentiviral Vpx Protein

Nadine Laguette, Nadia Rahm, Bijan Sobhian, Christine Chable-Bessia, Jan Münch, Joke Snoeck, Daniel Sauter, William M. Switzer, Walid Heneine, Frank Kirchhoff, Frédéric Delsuc, Amalio Telenti, and Monsef Benkirane
10.1016/j.chom.2012.01.007

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Salmonella Motility in the Gut

S. Typhimurium (green) swimming was observed by intravital microscopy in the gut of an infected mouse expressing GFP in CX₃CR1+ phagocytes. Bacteria can be seen moving in the gut lumen (blue) and along the epithelial surface at speeds of 5-50 μm/s. See Müller et al. for more details.

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Host-Microbe Papers in Other Cell Press Journals

Immunity, 23 December 2011
Innate and Adaptive Interferons Suppress IL-1α and IL-1β Production by Distinct Pulmonary Myeloid Subsets during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Katrin D. Mayer-Barber, Bruno B. Andrade, Daniel L. Barber, Sara Hieny, Carl G. Feng, Patricia Caspar, Sandy Oland, Siamon Gordon, Alan Sher
Vol. 35, Issue 6, pp. 1023-1034

Current Biology, 12 January 2012
The HSF-like Transcription Factor TBF1 Is a Major Molecular Switch for Plant Growth-to-Defense Transition
Karolina M. Pajerowska-Mukhtar, Wei Wang, Yasuomi Tada, Nodoka Oka, Chandra L. Tucker, Jose Pedro Fonseca, and Xinnian Dong
10.1016/j.cub.2011.12.015

Trends in Genetics, 23 December 2011
Viral evolution in deep time: lentiviruses and mammals
Robert J. Gifford
10.1016/j.tig.2011.11.003

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 23 December 2011
Emerging cellular targets for influenza antiviral agents
Konstantin H. Müller, Laura Kakkola, Ashwini S. Nagaraj, Anton V. Cheltsov, Maria Anastasina, and Denis E. Kainov
10.1016/j.tips.2011.10.004